Acute Kidney Injury in the Critically Ill Still Remains a Challenge

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of critical illness and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of AKI and changes in renal function and preventive strategies are areas of interest. Although the aetiology of AKI is often multifactorial, sepsis has been consistently found to be a leading contributing factor in AKI during critical illness. Despite revised guidelines and better haemodynamic management, the outcome of AKI is still a reason for concern. Critically ill patients with AKI have significantly improved short-time prognosis with current treatment standards but are more prone to develop increased morbidity in the near future.